Har.den

harden的音标和读音：
DJ音标发音： [ˈhɑ:dn]
KK音标发音： [ˈhɑdn]

harden的词性：
NONE（无词性）

1. British biochemist. He shared a 1929 Nobel Prize for research on the fermentation of sugars.
哈登，阿瑟：(1865-1940) 英国生物化学家，因在糖发酵上的研究而获1929年的诺贝尔奖

hard.en

harden的音标和读音：
DJ音标发音： [ˈhɑ:dn]
KK音标发音： [ˈhɑdn]

harden的词性：
v.（动词）

harden的词性：
v.tr.（及物动词）

1. To make hard or harder.
使硬化：使变硬或更硬

2. To enable to withstand physical or mental hardship.
使经得起考验：使能经受住身体的或精神上的困苦

3. To make unfeeling, unsympathetic, or callous:
使无情：使没有感情、无同情心或冷酷：

“To love love and not its meaning hardens the heart in monstrous ways”(Archibald MacLeish)
“不是用爱的本质去爱，会使人在许多方面变得冷酷无情”(阿奇博尔德·麦克利什)

4. To make sharp, as in outline.
使轮廓鲜明

5. To protect (nuclear weapons) by surrounding with earth or concrete.
用围墙保护：用泥土或混凝土围住以保护（核武器）

harden的词性：
v.intr.（不及物动词）

6. To become hard or harder.
变硬或更硬

7. To rise and become stable. Used of prices.
变稳定：上涨且变得稳定。用于价格

8. To become inured.
变习惯

harden， acclimate， acclimatize， season， toughen

9. The central meaning shared by these verbs is “to make resistant to hardship, especially through continued exposure”:
这些动词所共有的中心意思是“使对艰难困苦有抵抗力，尤指通过连续的暴露于困难面前”：

was hardened to life on the frontier;
顽强地面对前线的生活；

is becoming acclimated to the tropical heat;
对热带的高度逐渐适应；

was acclimatized by long hours to overwork;
由于长时间的磨炼而适应超负荷劳动；

became seasoned to life in prison;
对监狱的生活习以为常；

toughened by experience and criticism. soften
由于坎坷的经历和人们的指责而麻木不仁 soften