craft
craft的音标和读音：
DJ音标发音： [kræft]
KK音标发音： [kræft]
craft的词性：
n.（名词）
1. Skill in doing or making something, as in the arts; proficiency.See Synonyms at art 1
技术：做或制作某物的技能，如手艺；熟练参见 art1
2. Skill in evasion or deception; guile.
狡诈：逃避或欺骗的技巧；诡计
3. An occupation or trade requiring manual dexterity or skilled artistry.
手艺，技艺：需要身手敏捷或手艺精湛的职业或行业
4. The membership of such an occupation or trade; guild.
行会成员：这一职业或行业的成员；同业公会
5. pl. craftA boat, ship, or aircraft.
【复数】 craft小船、轮船或飞机
craft的词性：
v.tr.（及物动词）
6. To make by hand.
手工制作
7. Usage Problem To make or construct (something) in a manner suggesting great care or ingenuity:
【用法疑难】 精巧地制作：极其谨慎地或精巧地制作或建造（某物）：
“It was not the Chamber of Commerce that crafted the public policies that have resulted in a $26 billion annual subvention to the farmers”(William F Buckley, Jr)
“每年发给农民二十六亿美元津贴的这项公共政策并不是由商会精心策划的”(小威廉F巴克利)
craft的词源：
8. Middle English
中古英语
9. from Old English cr?ft
源自 古英语 cr?ft
craft的词性：
n.（名词）
craft的用法：
10. Craft has been used as a verb since the Old English period and was used in Middle English to refer specifically to the artful construction of a text or discourse. In recent years, crafted, the past participle of craft, has enjoyed a vogue as a participle referring to well-wrought writing. This may be a sign that the Jamesian conception of the literary muse has begun to yield to a Trollopian conception of literature as a kind of intellectual handicraft; or it may indicate little more than the desperation with which book reviewers seize on any novel adjective. In any event, the usage is more acceptable when applied to literary works than to other sorts of writing, and more acceptable as a participle than as a verb. It was acceptable to 73 percent of the Usage Panel in the phrase beautifully crafted prose. By contrast, only 35 percent of the Panel accepted the sentence The planners crafted their proposal so as to anticipate the objections of local businesses.
Craft 这一词语在古英语时期就被用作动词， 在中古英语中它被用来指某一课文或论述的精巧句法结构。近几年来，crafted 即 craft 这一词的过去分词被广泛用于描述写作佳品。 这可能是詹姆士文学灵感观念开始让位于作为一种智力创作技巧的特罗洛普文学观念的一个信号；或者它也有可能暗示了书评作者们对采用小说修饰语的进一步失望。不管怎样，把它用于指文学作品比用于指其它类型的写作更易被人接受，而用作分词比用作动词更易被人接受。用法专题使用小组中73%的成员认同它在精美构思的散文 这一短语中的用法。 与此相反，只有35%的成员认同它在策划者们制订计划以预防地方商业的阻挠 这一句子中的用法