o.pin.ion

opinion的音标和读音：
DJ音标发音： [əˈpinjən]
KK音标发音： [əˈpɪnjən]

opinion的词性：
n.（名词）

1. A belief or conclusion held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof:
信念，观点：确信但没被正确的知识或证据证明的一种信念或结论：

“The world is not run by thought, nor by imagination, but by opinion”(Elizabeth Drew)
“世界不是依思想和想象而转移，而是因信念而生生不息”(伊丽莎白·德鲁)

2. A judgment based on special knowledge and given by an expert:
鉴定，专家的意见：在专门知识的基础上专家所给出的判断：

a medical opinion.
医学鉴定

3. A judgment or an estimation of the merit of a person or thing:
评价：对一个人或一个事物的优点的评价或判断：

has a low opinion of braggarts.
给吹牛者低评价

4. The prevailing view:
舆论：

public opinion.
大众观点

5. Law A formal statement by a court or other adjudicative body of the legal reasons and principles for the conclusions of the court.
【法律】 宣判：由法院或其它司法机构根据法律条款或原则对法院判决的正式陈述

opinion的词源：

6. Middle English
中古英语

7. from Old French
源自 古法语

8. from Latin op^oni? op^oni?n-
源自 拉丁语 op^oni? op^oni?n-

opinion， view， sentiment， feeling， belief， conviction， persuasion

9. These nouns signify something a person believes or accepts as being sound or true.
这些名词意思是某人相信或接受已成的声音或事实。

10. Opinion is applicable to a judgment, especially a personal judgment, based on grounds insufficient to rule out the possibility of dispute:
Opinion 常用于法院判决，尤其指个人的判断，它基于一种根据，这种根据不足于排除可能的争论：

It is wise to seek a second medical opinion before submitting to surgery.
在决定做手术之前再寻找另外一种手段是聪明的做法。

“A little group of willful men, representing no opinion but their own, have rendered the great Government of the United States helpless and contemptible” (Woodrow Wilson).
“那些只代表他们自己的意见而不是其它公民意见的一小撮人，已经使伟大的美国政府处于一种无助和被人小瞧的地步” （伍德洛·威尔逊）。

11. View stresses individuality of outlook:
View 强调个人的某些观点：

“My view is . . . that freedom of speech means that you shall not do something to people either for the views they have or the views they express” (Hugo L. Black).
“我认为…言论自由的含义是对人民所拥有的观点或他们所表达的观点，你都不应任加改变” （雨果L·布莱克）

12. Sentiment and especially feeling stress the role of emotion as a determinant:
Sentiment 尤其feeling 强调作为一种决定因素的情感作用：

“If men are to be precluded from offering their sentiments on a matter which may involve the most serious and alarming consequences . . . reason is of no use to us” (George Washington).
“如果不能使人们避免在可能导致严重后果的事情上感情用事…推理对于我们是没有用的” （乔治·华盛顿）。

The economist gave us her feelings on the causes of inflation. A belief is a conclusion, not necessarily derived firsthand, to which one subscribes strongly:
这位经济学家告诉了我们她关于引起通货膨胀的观点。 Blief 是一种观点，不一定是人们极力相信的第一个观点：

“Our belief in any particular natural law cannot have a safer basis than our unsuccessful critical attempts to refute it” (Karl Popper).
“我们对于任何自然规律的坚信都不能象我们怀着不可能的愿望去推翻它那样有一个坚实的基础” （卡尔·波尔）。

13. Conviction is a belief that excludes doubt:
Conviction 是一种勿庸置疑的信念：

“Responsible journalism is journalism responsible in the last analysis to the editor's own conviction of what, whether interesting or only important, is in the public interest” (Walter Lippmann).
“有鉴别的新闻事业指的是那种编辑对于不论有趣的或重要的事都持有自己信念的作最后分析的新闻业，这种新闻对大众负责” （沃特·里普曼）。

14. Persuasion applies to a confidently held opinion not necessarily based on intellectual considerations:
Persuasion 意味着坚信的观点，不一定基于理性思考：

“He had a strong persuasion that Likeman was wrong” (H.G. Wells).
“他坚信莱克曼是错的”。 （ H .G.威尔斯）