kludge 或 kluge

kludge的音标和读音：
DJ音标发音： [klu:dʒ]
KK音标发音： [kludʒ]

kludge的词性：
n.Slang （名词）【俚语】

1. A system, especially a computer system, that is constituted of poorly matched elements or of elements originally intended for other applications.
杂牌电脑：由勉强搭配的元件或原本用于其它用途的元件组成的系统，尤其指电脑系统

kludge的词源：

2. [Origin unknown]
[词源未知]

kludge的词性：
v.（动词）

kludge的词性：
adj.（形容词）

kludge的注释：

3. The word kludge is not “etymologist-friendly,” having many possible origins, none of which can be definitively established. This term, found frequently in the jargon of the engineering and computer professions, denotes a usually workable but makeshift system, modification, solution, or repair. Kludge has had a relatively short life (first recorded in 1962 although it is said to have been used as early as 1944 or 1945) for a word with so many possible origins. The proposed sources of the word, German klug, kluge, “intelligent, clever,” or a blend of klutz and nudge or klutz and refudge, do not contain all the necessary sounds to give us the word, correctly pronounced at least. The notions that kludge may have been coined by a computer technician or that it might be the last name of a designer of graphics hardware seem belied by the possibility that it is older than such origins would allow. It seems most likely that the word kludge originally was formed during the course of a specific situation in which such a device was called for. The makers of the word, if still alive, are no doubt unaware that etymologists need information so they can stop trying to “kludge” an etymology together.
单词kludge 不是“词源学家的朋友”， 有很多可能的来源，每一个都不能准确成立。这个词，经常在工程和电脑业的行话中找到，表示一个通常能工作但是临时凑合的系统、修改、解答或修理。作为一个有这么多可能的来源的词，kludge 却有一个相对小的年纪（1962年第一次有记载，尽管据说早到1944年或1945年就已经使用）。 该词被推荐的来源是德文klug, kluge “聪明的，灵巧的”， 或者klutz 和 nudge 的混合或 klutz 和 refudge 的混合， 没有包含能向我们给出这个词的所有必需的声音，至少是正确的发音。kludge 可能是由电脑技术人员杜撰的或者它可能是图形显示硬件的一名设计者的姓， 这些看法由于它比这些来源能允许的时间要早的可能性而被误解。看起来最可能的是单词kludge ， 最早是在需要这样的设备的特定环境中形成的。这一单词的制造者，如果还健在的话，毫无疑问意识不到词源学家需要此类信息，这样他们才能终止“临时搭配”成一个词源的努力