land.scape

landscape的音标和读音：
DJ音标发音： [ˈlændˌskeip]
KK音标发音： [ˈlændˌskep]

landscape的词性：
n.（名词）

1. An expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view:
风景：能从某一个角度看到的一片广阔的景色：

a desert landscape.
荒凉的景色

2. A picture depicting an expanse of scenery.
风景画：描绘这种景色的图片

3. The branch of art dealing with the representation of natural scenery.
风景绘画：涉及表现自然风景的一个艺术分支

4. The aspect of the land characteristic of a particular region:
地貌：特定地区陆地特点的某些方面：

a bleak New England winter landscape.
荒凉的新英格兰冬季地貌

5. An extensive mental view; an interior prospect:
心田：广阔的内心视野；内心的展望：

“They occupy the whole landscape of my thought”(James Thurber)
“他们占据了我的整个心田”(詹姆斯·瑟伯)

landscape的词性：
v.（动词）

landscape的词性：
v.tr.（及物动词）

6. To adorn or improve (a section of ground) by contouring and by planting flowers, shrubs, or trees.
美化：通过规划和种植花草、灌木或树木的方法美化或改进（一个地区）

landscape的词性：
v.intr.（不及物动词）

7. To arrange grounds artistically as a profession.
从事园艺设计：以园艺设计为职业

landscape的词源：

8. Dutch landschap
荷兰语 landschap

9. from Middle Dutch landscap [region]
源自 中古荷兰语 landscap [地区]

10. land [land] * see lendh-
land [土地] *参见 lendh-

11. -scap [state, condition (collective suff.)]
-scap [情况，状况（集合的后缀）]

landscape的词性：
n.（名词）

landscape的注释：

12. It would seem that in the case of the word landscape we have an example of nature imitating art, in so far as sense development is concerned. Landscape, first recorded in 1598, was borrowed as a painters' term from Dutch during the 16th century, when Dutch artists were on the verge of becoming masters of the landscape genre. The Dutch word landschap had earlier meant simply “region, tract of land,” but had acquired the artistic sense, which it brought over into English, of “a picture depicting scenery on land.” The fascinating thing is that 34 years pass after the first recorded use of landscape in English before the word is used of a view or vista of natural scenery. This delay suggests that people were first introduced to landscapes in paintings and then saw landscapes in real life.
从landscape 这个词，我们似乎能看到一个模仿自然艺术的例子， 单就这个词的意思发展来说。Landscape 首次记载于1598年， 它是在16世纪期间作为一个绘画术语从荷兰传过来的，当时的荷兰艺术家正在成为自然风景绘画的大师。荷兰语中landscape 这个词早期仅仅意味着“地区，一片地”， 但它后来传入英国时已经有了艺术上的含义“描绘陆上风景的绘画”。 有趣的是，从landscape 这个词第一次见于英语文字到这个词表示自然景色的风光，经历了34年。 这一时间上的延迟暗示了人们首先是在绘画时接触自然，然后才是在现实生活中去欣赏风景